Aliphatic substituted 2,4-diene acids and esters

ABSTRACT

ALIPHATIC DI-UNSATURATED ESTERS AND ACIDS, AND DERIVATIVES THEREOF, SUBSITITUTED WITH THIOL (MERCAPTO) OR HYDROCARBON THIO GROUP USEFUL FOR THE CONTROL OF INSECTS.

"United States Patent 01 ice 3,826,804 Patented July 30, 1974 3,826,804 ALIPHATIC SUBSTITUTED 2,4-DIENE ACIDS AND ESTERS Clive A. Henrick and John B. Siddall, Palo Alto, Calif., assignors to Zoecon Corporation, Palo Alto, Calif. No Drawing. Continuation-impart of application Ser. No. 201,189, Nov. 22, 1971, which is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 191,812, Oct. 22, 1971, both now abandoned. This application May 24, 1972, Ser.

Int. Cl. C08h 3/00 US. Cl. 260-399 24 Claims ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE Aliphatic di-unsaturated esters and acids, and derivatives thereof, substituted with thiol (mercapto) or hydrocarbon thio group useful for the control of insects.

a 14 R2 R13 R12 R each of m and n is zero or the positive integer one, two or three;

R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl;

each of R and R is lower alkyl; each of R R R and R is hydrogen or lower alkyl;

R is alkyl; and

R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, lower alkylthiaalkyl, lower alkoxyalkyl, halogen substi tuted lower alkyl, heterocyclic, lower alkenyl, lower a1- kynyl or metal cation, and the acid halides thereof.

The compounds of formula A are useful for the con- .trol of insects. The utility of these compounds as insect control agents is believed to be attributable to their juvenile hormone activity. They are preferably applied to the immature insect, namelyduring the embryo, larvae or pupae stage in view of their effect on metamorphosis and otherwise cause abnormal development leading to death or inability to reproduce. These compounds are effective control agents for Hemipteran such as Lygaeidae, Miridae and Pyrrhocoridae; Lepidopteran such as Pyralidae, Noctuidae and Gelechiidae; Coleopteran such as Tenebrionidae, Crysomelidae and Dermestidae; Dipteran such as mosquitos, flies; Homopteran such as aphids and other insects. The compounds can be applied 25% of the active compound is employed. The formulations can include insect attractants, emulsifying agents or wetting agents to assist in the application and effectiveness of the active ingredient. In the application of the compounds, there is generally employed a mixture of the C-2, 3 trans and cis isomers.

In the description hereinafter, each of m, n, R-R and R R is as defined hereinabove unless otherwise specified.

The compounds of formula A can be prepared accord- In the above formulas, X is bromo or chloro, R is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl or phenyl and R is lower alkoxy, cycloalkoxy or aralkoxy.

In the above synthesis, a ketal or acetal of a carbonyl of formula I is converted into a thiol (mercapto) substituted ketal or acetal of the carbonyl of formula H. Preparation of the thiol can be accomplished for example, using thiourea followed by treatment with base, such as sodium hydroxide or an amine. Suitable methods applicable for preparation of thiols of formula II from a acetal or ketal of a compound of formula I are described by Cossar et al., J. Org. Chem. 27, 93 (1962); Baker, Rec. trav. chim. 54, 215 (1935); Szmuszkovicz, Organic Preparations and Procedures 1 (1), 43-45 (1969); and Backer and Dijkstra Rec. trav. chim. 51, 290 (1932). A compound of formula II, or the acetal or ketal thereof, is then alkylated to prepare a thioether of formula III (R is not H). The alkylation can be accomplished using a halide of the hydrocarbon group desired such as lower alkyl iodide. The acetal or ketal protecting group is re.- moved in a conventional 'manner using dilute acid such as aqueous hydrochloric acid, aqueous sulfuric acid, and the like. A carbonyl of formula In is then reacted'with a carbanion of formula IV to prepare the dienoic ester of formula V (R is not hydrogen). Reaction of th e carbanion with a carbonyl of formula II provides the mercapto compounds of formula V (R is hydrogen). The carbanion is generated from the respective phosphonate with a base such as alkali hydroxide, alkali alkoxide, alkali hydride, and the like. Suitable procedures are described by Pattenden and Weedon, J. Chem. so; (C), 1984 and 1997 (1968), Corey et al., Tetrahedron Letters No. 2, 1821 (1971) and US. Pats. 3,163,669 and 3,177,226. I

A second synthesis of esters of formula V is outlined as follows:

In the second synthesis outlined above of H and III to V1 to V, a carbonyl of formula II or III is reacted with a carbanion of formula IV A using the conditions described above or with an ylid of formula IV B to yield an unsaturated ketone of formula VI.

The unsaturated ketone (VI) is then reacted with a carbanion of formula IVC to yield a compound of formula V or by Wittig reaction using the ylid (IVD).

Conversion of VI into V using carbanion (IVC) can be done using the same conditions as for conversion of III into V. Wittig reactions are generally done at higher temperatures such as from room temperature to reflux. The ylids are prepared from the corresponding phosphonium bromide or chloride by treatment with a base substance such as an alkali metal hydride, alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal carbonate in an organic solvent, such as toluene, benzene, or tetrahydrofuran, or water or aqueous organic solvent depending upon the particular base. The Wittig reagents can be prepared as described in US. Pat. 3,193,565.

The esters of formula V are converted into the corresponding acid by hydrolysis with base such as potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and the like in organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol. Other esters of the present invention can be prepared by transesterification or conversion of the acid into the acid halide by treatment with thionyl chloride, oxalyl chloride, phosphorous pentabromide or the like, and then reacting the acid halide with the alcohol corresponding to the ester moiety desired.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided thio'acids and thiol esters of formula VII. Thio-acids and thiol esters can be prepared from the respective acid halide using hydrogen sulfide to prepare the thio-acid and a thiol R -SH or a mercaptide to prepare the thiol ester. Thiol esters can be prepared by alkylation of the sodium salt of a thio-acid of the present invention also. See US. Pats. 3,567,747 and 3,505,366.

wherein R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided ketones and aldehydes of formula VIII. The ketones can be prepared by treatment of an ester (V) or an acid thereof with the appropriate organo-lithiurn, the organo group corresponding to the ketone moiety desired. The reaction is generally carried out in an organic solvent such as an ether solvent. In addition, acid halides, particularly the acid chloride, can be used for the preparation of ketones of formula VIII by reaction with lithium diorganooopper, e.g. lithium dimethylcopper, using the procedure of Posner and Whitten, Tetrahedron Letters, No. 53, 4647 (1970).

The aldehydes of formula VIII (R is hydrogen) can be prepared by the controlled oxidation of an allylic alcohol of formula IX (R is hydrogen) using chromic acid, manganese dioxide, and the like. The oxidation can be carried out using procedures described by Burrell et al., J. Chem. Soc. (C), 2, 144 (1966); Weedon et al., J. Chem. Soc. 2687 (1951) and Helv. Chim. Acta 32, 1356 (1949). The allylic alcohols of formula IX are prepared by reduction of the corresponding ester or acid of formula A using lithium aluminum hydride or the like.

The allylic alcohols of formula IX, i.e. wherein R is hydrogen, are prepared by reduction of an ester or an acid of formula A. Ethers of formula IX, i.e., wherein R is not hydrogen, are prepared by etherification of an allylic alcohol of formula IX using conventional etherification methods such as by first converting the allylic alcohol into the corresponding halide of formula X in which X is bromo, chloro or iodo and then reacting the halide with the salt, e.g. the sodium or potassium salt, of an alcohol according the ether moiety desired. The allylic halides serve as precursors for the preparation of the novel thiols and thioethers of formula XI. Thus, reaction of a halide of formula X with, for example, thiourea or hydrogen sulfide provides the novel thiols. The thioethers can be prepared from the allylic halides by reaction with a mercaptide or by etherification of the thiol.

In the above formulas R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl or carboxylic acyl. In formula IX, when R is hydrogen, then R is hydrogen. In formula XI, R is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided novel amines of formula XII which are prepared by reaction of an allylic halide of formula X with an amine according to the amino moiety desired.

each of R and R is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, aryl or aralkyl, or when taken Qogether with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, pyrrolidino, morpholino, piperazinc or 4-alkylpiperazino.

. In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided nitriles of formula XIII which can be prepared by reaction of a carbonyl of formula V1 with a phosphonacetonitrile of the formula PCH1-CEN in the presence of base such as an alkali metal hydride or alkali metal alkoxide in an organic solvent such as tetrahydrofuran, benzene, dimethylsulfoxide, toluene, dimethylformamide, ether, and the like. The nitriles of the present invention can be prepared also by treatment of a primary amide of the present invention with sodium borohydride using the procedure of Ellzey., Jr. et al., US. Pat. 3,493,576.The n'i'triles'of formula XIII can be used as precursors for preparation of the amines of the present invention as"'by treatment with lithium aluminum hydride, andthe like to the respective primary amine.

R' V x111 alu o tl ier embodiment'of the present invention, there is provided novel amides 'of formula XIV which can be prepared by reaction of an acid chloride or acid bromide of formula A with an appropriate amine selected according to the amide moiety desired. The novel amides of the present invention can be prepared also by therea'ction of a-carbonyl of formula III with a'carbanion of the formula which is generated by treatment of the corresponding phosphonamide with base such alkali metal hydride or alkali metal alkoxid'e. The amides can be prepared also by reaction "or a carbonyl or formula VI with a carbanion ofylid of the following formulas, respectively;

"'The'novel compounds of formulas VII, VIII, IX, XI, XII, XIII and XIV are useful for the control of insects in the same manner as the parent compounds of formula A.

, 'The thioethers described herein are useful precursors for preparing the respective sulfinyl and sulfonyl derivatives b'y itreatment of the thioether with sodium metaperiodat'e, hydrogen peroxide, or the like, at a temperature offrom aboutll) to 20 C. for about one hour or less to about six hours to preprae sulfinyl derivatives. The reaction usually affords some of the sulfonyl compound also which can be separated bychromatography or the like, if desired. By using more than one mole of oxidizer ;per rnole ofthioether, higher temperature and/or longer ,reactiontime, the formation of the sulfonyl compounds is-fayored. The sulfinyl and sulfonyl derivatives are useful ;f or;the control, 9f-insects in thesame manner as the thioet hers, offormula A.

The. I pounds of formula l and the acetals and ketals ,canLh prepared. from a 1compound of formula I, the pieparation .ofl-whichis described in application Ser. .No ilS1,82Z, filed Oct. 8, 1271, now US. Pat. 3,755,411, disclosure {of which is incorporated by reference.

I crmn-cril t;ri cnan ha) (1') j Reaction of arialdehydej cif formula'lf with hydrogen cjhloridq-acetyl chloride'oinj hydrogen bromide in a lower 'r'r'ionbh r'icalcohol solvent'medium provides acetals of {n "I te hf l l -9 P p y ketalization of a ketone of formula I using a lower alkylene glycol 'such as ethyleneglycol in the presence of an acid catalyst followed by chlorination or bromination. Suitable procedures applicable to the preparation of halides of formula I and acetals and ketals thereof are described in US. Pats. 2,902,510, 3,381,039, 3,428,694 and 3,584,010.

The term cycloalkyl, as used herein, refers to a cyclic alkyl group of four to eight carbon atoms. The term aralkyl refers to a monovalent hydrocarbon group in which an aryl group is substituted for a hydrogen atom of an alkyl group, such as benzyl, xylyl, mesityl, phenylethyl, methylbenzyl, naphthylmethyl and naphthylethyl containing up to twelve carbon atoms. The term aryl, as used herein, refers to an aromatic group of up to twelve carbon atoms. Typical aromatic groups include phenyl, naphthyl, lower alkylphenyl such as methylphenyl, ethylphenyl, t-butylphenyl and isopropylphenyl, lower alkylthiophenyl such as methylthiophenyl, ethylthiophenyl and isopropylthiophenyl, lower alkoxyphenyl such as methoxyphenyl and ethoxyphenyl, halophenyl such as chlorophenyl, bromophenyl, iodophenyl and fluorophenyl, nitrophenyl, methylenedioxy phenyl, lower alkenylphenyl such as vinylphenyl and allylphenyl, phenylketones such as acetophenone, benzoic esters such as lower alkyl benzoate and benzamides such N-lower alkyl benzamide and N,N-di(lower alkyl) benzamide. In the case of substituted phenyl, the substituent such as lower alkyl, lower alkylthio, lower alkoxy, halo, nitro, lower alkenyl, carbonyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl, cyano, and amido can be in one or more positions of the phenyl ring, usually in the para position. The term heterocyclic, as used herein, refers to a heterocyclic group consisting of four or five carbon atoms and one heteroatom which is oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur such as the heterocylics pyridine, pyran, thiophan, pyrole, furan and thiophen.

The term hydroxyalkyl, as used herein, refers to an alkyl group substituted with one hydroxy group, e.g. hydroxymethyl, p-hydroxyethyl and 4-hydroxypentyl. The term alkoxyalky as used herein, refers to an alkyl group substituted with one alkoxy group, e.g. methoxymethyl, Z-methoxyethyl, 4-ethoxybutyl, n-propoxyethyl and t-butoxyethyl. The term alkenyl, as used herein, refers to an ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon group, branched or straight chain, having a chain length of two to twelve carbon atoms, e.g. allyl, vinyl, 3-buteny1, 2- hexenyl and i-propenyl. Whenever any of the foregoing terms are modified by the word lower, the chain length of the group is not more than six carbon atoms with the exception of lower alkoxyalkyl and lower alkylthiaalkyl in which even a total chain length of twelve carbon atoms is the maximum. The term halogen substituted lower alkyl, as used herein refers to a lower alkyl group substituted with one to three halogen atoms such as chloromethyl, fiuoromethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2,2,2- trichloroethyl and the like.

The term carboxylic acyl, as used herein, refers to the acyl group of a carboxyl-ic acid, anhydride or halide. The acyl group is determined by the particular carboxylic acid halide or carboxylic acid anhydride employed in the esterification. Although no upper limitation need be placed on the number of carbon atoms contained in the acyl group within the scope of the present invention, generally it contains from one to eighteen carbon atoms. Typical esters of the present invention include formate, acetate, propionate, enanthate, benzoate, trime-thylacetate, trichloroacetate, trifiuoroacetate, t-butylacetate, phenoxyacetate, cyclopentylpropionate, aminoacetate, ,B-chloropropionate, adamantoate, octadec-9-enoate, dichloroacetate, butyrate, pentanoate, hexanoate, phenyl-acetate, p-methylbenzoate, fi-phenylpropionate, 3,4-dimethylbenzoate, p-isopropylbenzoate, cyclohexylacetate, stearate, methacrylate, p-chloromethylbenzoate, ,p-methoxybenzoate and p-nitro'benzoate.

The term metal as used herein, refers to lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, strontium, copper, manganese and zinc. The term alkyl refers to a branched or straight chain, saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon of one to twelve carbon atoms. The term lower alkyl refers to an alkyl group having a chain length of one to six carbon atoms.

'In addition to the compounds of the present invention having activity useful for the control of insects, the compounds have numerous other useful applications. For example, the esters of formula A of the present invention are useful lubricants and plasticizers for polymers such as SRB, polybutadiene, ethylene-propylene copolymers and polypropylene and aid in the processing and application of polymers. The aldehydes and ketones of formulas "II, III, VI and VIII are useful in perfumery compositions in view of their odor-imparting properties. Thiolesters of formula VII possess excellent lubricating properties per se and are useful also as lubricant additives. The amides of formula X'IV are useful as anti-static agents for synthetic and natural fibers. The amides can be incorporated into the fiber material by blending prior to extrusion or by application to the fiber after extrusion. The amines of formula XII are useful wetting and cleansing agents per se for textiles and as intermediates therefor using the method of US. Pat. 2,169,976.

The presence of an olefinic bond at position C-2 and C- 4 of the compounds of the present invention give rise to four isomers, each of Which is embraced by the present invention. As mentioned above, a mixture of isomers is suitably employed for the control of insects such as a mixture containing the trans (2), trans (4) isomer and the cis (2), tr-ans (4) isomer. The conditions of the syntheses described herein and the reactants can be selected so as to favor formation of one isomer such as the all trans isomer over the formation of other isomers. The selection of appropriate conditions and reactants to favor formation of one isomer over another will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art giving due consideration to the specific examples hereinafter. See also Pattenden and Weedon, supra and Corey et al., supra. In the specific examples hereinafter, when isomerism is not specified, it is understood to include a mixture of isomers which, if desired, can be separated using known separation methods. Hereafter, when only one designation of configuration is given, the designation refers to position C2,3 and the configuration is taken to be trans at position C 45 when not otherwise specified.

The following examples are provided to illustrate the practice of the present invention. Temperature is given in degrees Centigrade.

EXAMPLE 1 Into a mixture of '10 g. of 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-l-al and 100 ml. of dry methanol is introduced 1.1 equivalent of dry hydrogen chloride with cooling in ice-water. The mixture is then allowed to stand for about 24 hours at room temperature with stirring. Solvent is evaporated and residue taken up in ether which is washed with water, dried and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 1, 1- dimethoxy-7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctane.

The aldehydes under col. I are hydrochlorinated to give the respective compound under col. II.

3,7-dimethynon-6-en-l-al 3 -methyl-7-ethylnon-6 en- 1-al 3-ethy1-7-methylnon-6-en-d-al '3,6,7-trimethyloct-6-enl-al 3 ,6-dimethylhept-5-enl-al '3,5,6-trimethylhept-5-en-l-al 2, S-dimethylhex 4-enl-al 2,4,5-trimethylhex-4-eml-al 1 dimethoxy-7-chloro-3,7-dimethylnonane 1dimethoxy-7-chloro8-methyl-7-ethylnonane 1-dimethoxy-7-chloro-3ethyl-7-methylnonane l dimethoxy-7-chloro-3,6,7-trimethy1octane ,1 1- 1- -dimethoxy-6-ch1oro3,G-dimethylheptane dimethoxy-6-chloro-3,5,'6-trimethylheptane' dimethoxy-S-chloro-Z,S-dimethylhexane 1-dimethoxy-S-chloro-2,4,5-trimethylhexane EXAMPLE 2 l A mixture of 10 g. of 1, 1-dimethoxy-7-chloro-3,7- dimethyloctane, one equivalent of thioureaand 100..ml. of ethanol is refluxed for about 24 hours. Thena solution of 1.5 equivalents of sodium hydroxide in 50 ml. of water is added and the mixture refluxed for about two hours. After cooling to about room temperature, the solution is carefully acidified and-ether is addedziThe organic layer is separated, washed with water, dried over calcium sulfate and evaporated to give 1,1-dimethoxy-7- mercapto-3,7-dimethyloctane which is purified by distillation.

1 1 1 l 1 l l 1 EXAMPLE 3 A solution of 10 g. of 1,l-dimethoxyJ-chloro-S,7-dimethyloctane, 1.1 equivalents of sodium hydros'ulfide and ml. of methanol isrefluxed for 24 hours. After cooling, solvent is evaporated under reduced pressure and the concentrate taken up in ether. The ethersolution is washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and then evaporated to give 1,1 dimethoxy- 7 mercaptofiJ-dimethyloctane. I 1, f

EXAMPLE 5 To 5 g. of magnesium covered with dry ether is added a crystal of iodine and then about 10 ml. "ofa solution of one equivalent of I,1 dimethoxy-7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctane in 200 ml. of ether is added. The mixture is"stirre d until reaction begins and then remainder of solution is added slowly while heating to reflux. 'After ad dition is complete, reflux is continued for one hour. After cooling to 25-30, solid sulfur (one equivalent) is added poi-tionwise while keeping the temperature about 30%35TL'After addition of the sulfur is'complete, the mixture is s tirred for about one hour and then cooled. to -O-5 and about 200 ml. of aqueous ammonium chloride added slowly while maintaining lowtemperature. The organic phase is then separated and extracted with 2N sodium hydroxide. The basic extract is cooled in ice, acidifiedcarefullylby addition of cold aqueous HCl and extractedwithether. The ether extract is Washed with saturated sodiumchloride, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to yield 9. 1,1-dimethoxy-7-mercapto 3,7 dimethyloctane which is purified by distillation. 4

By use of the above procedure. or, alternatively the procedure of Example 2, 3 or 4, each of the hydrochlorides under. col. II is converted into the respective mercaptan under col. III.

III

1,1-dimethoxy-7-mercapto-3,7-dimethylnonane 1 1-dimethoxy-7-mercapto 3-methyl-7-ethylnonane 1,1dimethoxy-7-mercapto-3-ethyl-7-methylnonane 1, 1;dimethoxy-7 mercapto-3,6,7-trimethyloctane 1,1 dimethxy-6 mercapto-3,6-dirnethylheptane I 1 dimethoxy-6-mercapto-3,5,6-trimethylheptane 1,1-dimethoxy-5-mercapto 2,S-dimethylheXane 1, l-dimethoxy S-mercapto-2,4,5-trimethylhexane EXAMPLE 6 To a mixture of g. of 1,1-dimethoxy-7-mercapto- 3,7-dimethyloctane, one equiv. of sodium methoxide and 100 mLof methanol is added 1.5 equivalents of methyl iodide. The mixture is stirred for 2 hours at room temperature and then refluxed for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, solvent is removed by evaporation and the residue taken up in ether. The ether solution is washed with water, dried and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 1,1-dimethoxy-7-methylthio 3,7 dimethyloctane which can be purified by chromatography or distillation.

A mixture of 5 g. of 1,1-dimethoxy-7-methylthio-3,7- dime thyloctane, 50 ml. of aqueous tetrahydrofuran (1:1) and 10 ml. of 3N hydrochloric acid is stirred at room temperature until hydrolysis is completed as followed by thin layer chromatography to give crude 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al which is worked 'up by extraction with ether and purified by chromatography.

Following the procedure of this example, there is prepared the methylthio compounds under col. IV from the respective mercaptan under col. III.

7-methylthio-3,7-dimethylnonan-1-al 7-methylthio-3-methyl-7-ethylnonan-1-al 7.-methylthio-3-ethyl-7-methylnonan-1-al 7-inethylthio-3,6,7-trimethyl octan-1-al 6-methylthio-3,6-dimethylheptan-1-al 6-methylthio-3,5,6-trimethylheptan-1-a1 5-methylthio 2,S-dimethylhexan-l-al 5-methylthio-2,4,S-dimethylhexan-l-al EXAMPLE '7 'So dium methoxide 1.2 g. of sodium and 30 ml. of

methanol) is added slowly to a mixture of 6.4 g. of 7- methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al and 10 g. of diethyl 3- methoxycarbonyl-2-methylprop-2-eny1phosphonate (about 77% trans) in 50 ml. of dimethylformamide, under nitrogen and at about 0, with stirring'After addition is complete, the reaction is left three hours at room temperature and. worked up by extraction with hexane/ether to yield cis/ trans methyl ll-methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca- 2,4-dienoate mostly the trans, trans isomer.

By repeating the above process, using each of the aldehydes under col..IV as the starting material, there is pre .pared the respectivemethyl ester under col. V.

methyl 1-1-methylthio:3",7,1 1-trimethyltrideca-2,4-dienoate methyl 11-methylthio-3,7-dimethyl-11-ethyltrideca-2,4- dienoate I p I methyl 1 1-methylthio-3,1 1-dimethyl-7-ethyltrideca-2,4

dienoate ,7 f methyl 11-methylthio-3,7,10,11-tetramethyldodeca 2,4- dienoate g j 1 methyl 1O-methylthiQ-S,7,'10-trimethylundeca-2,4-dienoate methyl 10-methylthio-3,7 9,1O-tetramethylundeea-ZA- dienoat'e 10 methyl 9-methylthio-3,6,9-trimethyldeca-2,4-dienoate methyl Q-methylthio-3,6,8,9-tetramethyldeca-2,4-dienoate EXAMPLE 8 To 350 ml. of ethanol, 105 ml. of water and ml. of 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide is added 46.5 g. of methyl ll-methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate. The mixture is refluxed for about 18 hours. After cooling, alcohol is removed in vacuo. Water is added followed by acidification and then extraction with ether to yield 11- methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoic acid.

By use of the above process, the other esters under col. V are hydrolyzed to the respective free acid.

EXAMPLE 9 EXAMPLE 10 To 0.6 g. of 11-methylthio-3,7,l1-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dienoic acid in 10 ml. of dry benzene is added 0.23 ml. of oxalyl chloride at room temperature. After about two hours, there is added 0.25 ml. of 3-thiabutan-1-ol and the reaction allowed to stand for about two hours. The reaction is worked up as in Example 9 to yield 3-thiabutanyl 11 methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca 2,4- dienoate.

EXAMPLE 11 Sodium ethoxide (9 g. sodium in 600 ml. of ethanol) is added slowly to a mixture of 54.5 g. of 7-methylthio- 3,7-dimethyloctan-1-al and g. of diethyl 3-ethoxycar" bonyl-2-methylprop 2 enyl phosphonate (about 49% trans) in one liter of dimethylformamide, under nitrogen and at 0, with stirring. The mixture is allowed to stand overnight at about 5 and the reaction worked up by extraction with ether, washing with water and brine and filtering through Florisil to yield ethyl ll-methylthio- 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate as a cis/trans mixture, mostly trans, trans.

EXAMPLE 12 To a solution of 0.5 g. of 11-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoic acid in 15 ml. of benzene is added,

with stirring, an equivalent amount of potassium hydride. The mixture is stirred at room temperature for about 2 hours and then evaporated to give potassium ll-methylthio-3,7,1 1-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate.

y In place of KH, there can be used KOH, NaOH, and the like to form the corresponding salt.

EXAMPLE 13 To a solution of 2 g. of methyl 11-methylthio-3,7, 1.1- trimethyldodeca-2,4,IO-trienoate and 20 ml. of dry.. ether, at --78 is added slowly about 0.4 g. of lithium aluminum hydride in dry ether. The mixture is allowedtq, stand about one hour after addition. is completelandptheu allowed to warm up to room temperature. Then 2.5 ml. of acetic acid is added. The mixture is then washed with ice water andthe organic phase separated which is dried over magnesium sulfate, and evaporated to yield ll-meth ylth'io-3,7',11-trimethyldodeca 2,4;dien-.l-ol.

:Afmixtur e of l 0.18 g. 13N511 (rinseid with hexane} 5 l. of tetrahydrofuran and 0.8 g of diethyl ,idiethylno r o vl e yl. osp na imder .Il it1'Ogeu,,-. is

stirred 0.5 hours atv 0". To the ,mixtureis slowlytaddegl .11 1.0 g. of 10-methylthio-6,10-dimethylundec-3-en-2-one. After addition is complete, the reaction is left at room temperature for about 30 minutes and then chromatographed on silica with ether to yield N,N-diethyl ll-methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienamide (mostly trans-2-trans-4), which can be further purified by chromatography.

EXAMPLE 15 To sodium hydride (0.7 g.), previously washed with hexane, under nitrogen, is added 75 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuran and then, after cooling to 5.1 g. of diethyl phosphonoacetonitrile is added slowly. The mixture is stirred for about 30 minutes and then added slowly to 6.8 g. of l0-methylthio-6,10-dimethylundeca-3-en-2-one at room temperature with stirring. The mixture is stirred for about 12 hours and then poured into saturated sodium chloride at 0. The layers are separated and the organic layer dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to yield 11-methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dienenitrile.

EXAMPLE 16 To a stirred solution of 2.5 g. of 11-methylthio-3,7,11- trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoic acid in 20 ml. of dry ether is added slowly at 0, 23 ml. of a one molar solution of ethyl lithium in benzene. After about three hours at 20, the mixture is poured into iced 1N hydrochloric acid (100 ml.) with vigorous stirring. The ether layer is separated, combined with ethereal washings of the aqueous phase, washed with water, saturated potassium bicarbonate and then saturated brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield 13-methylthi0 5,9,13 trimethyltetradeca-4,6-dien-3-one, which can be purified by chromatography.

By using methyl lithium, cyclopentyl lithium and phenyl lithium in the above process in place of ethyl lithium, there is prepared 12-methylthio-4,8,12-trimethyltrideca-3,5-diene-2-one, cyclopentyl 10-methylthio-2,6,l0- trimethylundeca-l,3-dienyl ketone and phenyl IO-methylthio-2,6,IO-trimethylundeca 1,3 dienyl ketone, respectively.

EXAMPLE 17 Sodium ethoxide (prepared from 0.2 g. of sodium and 12 m1. of ethanol) is slowly added to a mixture of 1.1 g. of 1-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al, diethyl 3-ethoxylcarbonyl-2-methyl-prop-2-enyl-phosphonate (1.6 g.) and 50 ml. of dimethylformamide, with stirring, under nitrogen, at 0. The reaction is stirred for 1.5 hours hafter addition is complete and then worked up by extraction with ether to yield ethyl 11-methylthio-3,7,l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate.

EXAMPLE 18 EXAMPLE 19 A mixture of g. of 7-mercapto-3,7-dimethyloctan-1- al 85 g. of di-isopropyl 3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methylprop- -2-enyl-phopshonate, and 40ml. of dimethylformamide, under nitrogen and cooled in an ice-bath, is stirred for 0.5 hours and then ground NaOH (1.165 g.) is added. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for '3 hours and then hexane/water (l/ 1) added. The organic layer is washed with water and brine, dried over calcium sulfate and concentrated. The concentrate is filtered through Florisil using hexane and hexane/ether. The filtrate is concentrated and then distilled to yield ethyl 11-mercapto-3,7,1 1-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate (mostly trans-2, trans-4).

The process of this example is repeated with the exception of using di-isopropyl 3-isopropoxy carbonyl-Z-methylprop-2-enyl-phosphonate to prepare isopropyl ll-mercapto-3,7,1 1-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate.

EXAMPLE 20 To 0.55 g. of 1l-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca- 2,4-dienoic acid in 10 ml. of dry benzene is added 0.21 ml. of oxalyl chloride. The mixture is stirred occasionally at room temperature for about 2.5 hours. The mixture is cooled in cold water and then 0.18 ml. of ethylmercaptan is added with stirring. The mixture is then stirred at room temperature for about 24 hours. Ether and saturated sodium bicarbonate is added and the organic phase separated. The organic phase is washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate, saturated sodium chloride, dried over calcium sulfate and evaporated to yield ethyl 1 1-methylthio-3,7,l l-trimethyl-thioldodeca-2,4-dienoate.

Thiol esters are prepared using each of n-propyl mercaptan isopropyl mercaptan, isobutyl mercaptan, s-butyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan, benzyl mercaptan, cyclopentyl mercaptan B-phenylethyl mercaptan, t-amyl mercaptan and n-hexyl mercaptan in reaction with 11 methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca 2,4 dienoyl chloride or the sodium salt of ll-methy lthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoic acid to yield n-propyl 1 1-methy1thio3,7,1 l-trimethyl-thioldodeca- 2,4-dienoate, isopropyl 1 1-methylthio-3,7,1 l-trimethyl-thioldodeca- 2,4dienoate, etc.

EXAMPLE 21 Sodium hydride (1.7 g., 57% in oil) is washed three times with dry hexane. The hexane is removed and 15 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuran is added. N,N-Diethyl diethoxyphosphonoacetamide (0.9 g.), dissolved in 5 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuran, is added and stirred for about 40 minutes (0). Then about 0.7 g. of 10-methy1thio-6,10-dimethyldodec 3 en 2 one in 5 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuran is added with stirring and cooling with an ice-bath. The ice-bath is removed after addition is completed and stirring continued for about two hours. Then the mixture is poured into water and extracted with ether. The ether extracts are combined, washed with water, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield N,N-diethyl 11 methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyltrideca-2,4'dienamide.

EXAMPLE 22 To 0.5 g. of the acid of Example 8 in 10 ml. of benzene, under nitrogen is added 0.17 ml. of oxalyl chloride which is stirred for about 45 minutes and then allowed to stand 2 hours. Two ml. of isopropanol is added. After 3 hours, ether is added and organic layer separated. The organic layer is washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate and brine, dried over calcium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield isopropyl ll-methylthio- 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca 2,4 dienoate whichcan be purified by chromatography and distillation.

Using the foregoing procedure, each of 3-thiacyclohexanol, 2,2,2-trifiuoroethanol, t-butanol, 2-methoxyethanol, Z-methylthiethanol and s-butanol provides 3-thiacyclohexyl 1 l-methylthio-3,7, 1 l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate,

2',2',2-trifiuoroethyl 11-methylthio-3,7-1 l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate,

t-butyl 11-methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-

dienoate, Y r I 2'-methoxyethyl 1 1-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate,

1 3 2-methylthiaethyl l 1-methylthio-3 ,7, l l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate, and s-butyl 11-methylthio-3,7,l l-trimethyldodeca- 2,4-dienoate.

EXAMPLE 23 To a mixture of 4 g. of l1-methylthio-3,7,ll-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dien-l-ol and 25ml. of ether at is added a solution of 5 ml. of phosphorus tribromide in 18 ml. of benzene over about 15 minutes. The reaction mixture is stirred at0 for two hourspThe mixture is then poured onto ice and extracted with pentane. The organic phase is washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate, water and brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated to yield ll-methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienyl bromide.

' Phosphorus trichloride is reacted with ll-methylthio- 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca 2,4 dien-l-ol following the above procedure to prepare ll-methylthio 3,7,11 trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienyl chloride.

EXAMPLE 24 A mixture of 2 g. of ll-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dien-1-ol, 1 equivalent of manganese dioxide and 30 ml. of methylene dichloride is prepared by the slow addition of manganese dioxide so that the temperature does not exceed about 30. The mixture is then shaken for one hour, under nitrogen, at room temperature. The mixture is then filtered and the filter washed with ether. The filtrate and washings are combined and evaporated to yield l1-methylthio-3,7,ll-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dien-l-al which is purified by chromatography.

EXAMPLE 25 To 126 mg. of a 57% dispersion of sodium hydride in oil is added pentane. The pentane is removed and the sodium hydroxide washed several times with pentane. To the washed sodium hydride is added 582 mg. of diethyl acetyl-methylphosphonate in 5 ml. of tetrahydrofuran at under argon. After several minutes, the solution is transferred to a solution of 425 mg. of 7-methylthio-3,7- dimethyloctan-l-al in about 4 ml. of dry tetrahydrofuran under argon over a period of about 20 minutes at room temperature. After about two hours, Water is added followed by addition of ether and the layers separated. The organic layer is washed with saturated sodium chloride, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated under reduced pressure to yield l0-methylthio-6,10-dimethylundec-3-en- 2-one.

' EXAMPLE 26 One gram of triphenylphineacetylmethylene and 425 mg. of 7 methylthio 3,7 dimethylnonan 1 al are dissolved in 10 ml. of toluene and refluxed under nitrogen overnight. The toluene is distilled OK and the formed triphenylpho sphine oxide crystallized by addition of pentane. Filtration and evaporation of the peutane gives a residue, which is further purified by preparative thin layer chroinatography to yield 10-methylthio-6,IO-dimethyldodec- 3-en-2-one.

EXAMPLE 27 EXAMPLE 2s The carbanipn of-,;diethyl carbpmethoxymethyl phospho'nateis reacted withal0eme'thylthio-6,IO-dimethylundec- 14 3-en-2-one and 10-methylthio-6,10-dimethyldodec-3-en-2- one to prepare methyl 1 1-methylthio-3,7,1 l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-

dienoate and methyl 11-methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyltrideca-2,4-

dienoate.

EXAMPLE 29 One gram of ethyl 11-mercapto-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca- 2,4-dienoate in 10 ml. of diglyme is added dropwise to a slurry of 1 g. of sodium hydride in 10 ml. of diglyme under nitrogen. To this mixture is added 0.9 g. of cyclohexylchloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at about 25 for 30 minutes and then quenched in ice water. The organic phase is separated and aqueous phase reextracted with ether. The organic materials are washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to yield ethyl 1 1-cyclohexylthio-3,7, l l-trimethyldodeca 2,4-dienoate.

By using each of benzyl chloride and cyclopentyl chloride in the foregoing procedure, the corresponding benzyl thioether and cyclopentyl thioether is prepared.

EXAMPLE 30 A mixture of 9.0 g. of 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethy1octanl-al and 15 g. of triphenylphosphineacetylmethylene in ml. of dry toluene, under nitrogen, is refluxed for 20 hours. Thereafter, the toluene is evaporated and pentane added to remove triphenylphosphine. After concentration, the product is distilled to yield 10-methylthio-6,10-dimethylundec-3-en-2-one. The thus-prepared ketone is reacted with the carbanion of diethyl carbethoxymethylphosphonate to prepare ethyl ll-methylthio- 3,7,1 1-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate.

EXAMPLE 31 Two grams of 11-methy1thio-3,7,1l-trimethyltrideca-Z, 4-dienoic acid chloride is added to 50 ml. of benzene, cooled to 0 and saturated with ammonia under nitrogen. The mixture is allowed to stand for about one hour and then it is washed with water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to yield 11-methy1thio-3,7,11-trimethyltrideca-2,4-dienamide. I

EXAMPLE 32 Three grams of 11-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldideca- 2,4-dienoy1 chloride in benzene is mixed with 2.5 g. of diethylamine in benzene and the resulting mixture allowed to stand at room temperature for about two hours. The mixture is concentrated under reduced pressure and the residue taken up in benzene, washed with dilute aqueous sodium bicarbonate and water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to yield N,N-diethyl 11-methy1thio-3,7, 1 1-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienamide.

By use of the foregoing procedure, each of dimethylamine, ethylamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine, aniline, morpholine and 2-methoxyethylamine is reacted with the acid chloride to yield the corresponding amide, that is, N,N-dirnethyl 1 1-methylthio-3,7,(11-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dienamide, N-ethyl 11-methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca- 2,4-dienamide, etc.

EXAMPLE 33 Ten grams of l-bromo 1 1-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-diene is mixed with 50 ml. of benzene, cooled to 510 andsaturated with ammonia. The resulting mixture is stirred for four hours allowing the temperature to rise to about20" while maintaining dry conditions. The mixture is washed with dilute sodium hydroxide and then evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 11-methylthio-3,7,l1,- trimethyldodeca2,4-dienylamine.

EXAMPLE 34 Five grams of 11-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca- 2,4-dienylbromide in 25 ml. ofbenzeneis mixed with 4 g. of diethylamine and-the mixture stirred for about three hours. Methylene chloride (50 ml.) is added and 15 the mixture Washed with dilute sodium hydroxide and then water and evaporated to yield N,N-diethyl ll-methylthio-3,7, l l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienylamine.

Other amines of the present invention are prepared by use of the foregoing procedure using an amine of the formula:

such as dimethylamine, ethylamine, methylamine, pyrrolidine, morpholine, 4-ethylpiperazine, and the like, in place of diethylamine. Thus, there is prepared N,N-dimethyl 1l-methylthio-3,7,1l trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienylamine, N-ethyl 1l-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dienylamine, etc.

EXAMPLE 35 To one g. of 11-methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4 dien-l-ol in 20 m1. of dry ether is added one molar equivalent of diazoethane. One drop of boron-trifluoride is added and after one hour at the mixture is washed with water and organic phase evaporated to yield the ethyl ether of 11-methylthio-3,7,l1-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dien-1-ol.

The use of diazomethane in the foregoing procedure affords l-methoxy-l 1-methylthio-3,7,1 l-trimethyldodeca- 2,4-diene.

EXAMPLE 36 One g. of l1-methylthi0-3,7,11-trimethyld0deca-2,4- dien-l-ol in ml. of diglyme is added dropwise to a slurry of 1 g. of sodium hydride in 10 ml. of diglyme under nitrogen. To this mixture is added 0.9 g. of cyclohexylchloride. The reaction mixture is stirred at about 25 for 30 minutes and then quenched in ice water, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to yield the cyclohexyl ether of 11-methylthio-3,7,ll-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dien-l-ol.

EXAMPLE 37 To a suspension of 1 g. of sodium hydride in 10 ml. of tetrahydrofuran, under argon, and cooled to 4, is slowly added 4 g. of p-ethylphenol in ml. of tetrahydrofuran. The mixture is stirred for about eight hours. To the mixture, cooled in an ice-bath, is slowly added 4 g. of ll-methylthio-3,7,1l-trirnethyldodeca-2,4-dienyl bromide in ether. After about two hours, the mixture is warmed to room temperature, m1. of hexamethylphosphoramide is added and the mixture heated at 80 for about 48 hours. The mixture is then poured into water and extracted with ether. The ethereal extracts are combined, washed with dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide, water and brine, dried over sodium: sulfate and then evaporated to yield 11-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dienyl p-ethylphenyl ether.

EXAMPLE 38 A. To 210 ml. of a 0.5M solution of sodium metaperiodate (aqueous methanol 1:1) at 0 is added 0.1 mole of methyl 11-methylthio-3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4- dienoate. The mixture is stirred at 0 for about four hours and then filtered. The filtrate is diluted with water and then extracted with chloroform. The extract is dried over magnesium sulfate and solvent removed by evaporation to yield methyl 11-methylsulfinyl-3,7,ll-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate which can be purified by chromatography.

B. To 200 ml. of aqueous methanol (1:1) containing 0.2 mole of sodium metaperiodate is added 0.1 mole of methyl 11-methylthio-3,7,l1 trimethyIdOdeca-Z,4-dienoate. The mixture is maintained at about 30 for six hours. After cooling, the mixture is filtered to remove precipitated sodium iodate. The filtrate is diluted with water and then extracted with chloroform. The extract is dried over magnesium sulfate and solvent removed by evaporation to yield methyl 1l-methylsulfonyl-3,7,1ltrimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate, which can be purified by chromatography.

CH3 CH3 CH3 JHa EXAMPLE 39 One g. of 1l-methylthio-3,7,ll-trirnethyldodeca-2,4-dien-l-ol in 10 ml. of dry pyridine is cooled to -l0 and 2 ml. of acetic anhydride is added dropWise. The reaction is left about four hours at l0. Then, ice water (about 5 ml.) is added dropwise. After about 0.5 hour, excess Water is added and the mixture extracted with ether. The ethereal phase is washed with water, dried over calcium sulfate and solvent removed to yield l-acetoxy-ll-methylthio-3,7,l l-trimethyldodeca-Z,4-diene.

By using other carboxylic anhydrides in the process of this example in place of acetic anhydride, the respective C-l esters are prepared.

EXAMPLE 40 By use of the procedure of Example 6, there is prepared 7 -ethylthio-3 ,7-dimethyloctan- 1-al,

7 -ethylthio-3 ,7 -dimethylnonanl-al, 7-ethylthio-3-methyl-7-ethylnonanl-al, 7-ethylthio-3-ethyl-7-methylnonanl-al, 7-ethylthio-3 ,6,7trimethyloctan-1-al, 6-ethylthio-3,6-dimethylheptanl-al, 6-ethylthio-3,5,6-trimethylheptan-l-al, 5-ethylthio-2,5-dimethylheptan-l-al, and 5-ethylthio-2,4,5-trimethylhexanl-al using ethyl iodide.

The reaction of 7-ethylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al with the carbanion of diethyl 3-methoxycarbonyl-Z-methylprop- 2-eny1phosphonate according to the procedure of Example 7 gives methyl 1l-ethylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyloctadeca-2,4-dienoate.

EXAMPLE 41 To a suspension of 30 g. of 3-formyl-2-rnethylprop-2- enyltriphenylphosphonium chloride in 200 ml. of absolute ether, under nitrogen, at room temperature, is added a solution of 1.1 equivalents of phenyl lithium in ether. After about 30 minutes, the mixture is cooled to 0 and one equivalent of 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al in ether is added. The reaction is brought to room temperature and refluxed for twelve hours. The mixture is allowed to cool and then is filtered and the filter cake washed with ether. The washings and filtrate are evaporated under reduced pressure and the concentrate fractionally distilled to give l1-methylthio-3,7,l1-trirnethyldodeca-2,4- dien-l-al which is further purified by chromatography.

EXAMPLE 42 (A) Anhydrous methanol ml.) is saturated with dry hydrogen chloride at 0. To the saturated solution is added 7.8 g. of 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-l-ol, with stirring, over a period of five minutes. After stirring for 15 minutes at 0, the ice bath is removed, and nitrogen bubbled through the solution while it warms to room temperature. Solvent and residual hydrogen chloride are removed by evaporation under reduced pressure to give 7-chloro-3,7- dimethyloctan-l-ol.

(B) To an ice-cold solution of 19.0 g. of dry pyridine and 300 ml. of methylene chloride is added 12.0 g. of chromium trioxide under nitrogen. After stirring for 30 minutes at to the dark brown reaction mixture is added 3.9 g. of 7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctan-1-ol. The ice bath is then removed and stirring continued for 15 minutes. The solution is then decanted away from the residue and filtered through a cm. by 2 cm. column of Activity IV neutral alumina. Evaporation of the solvent yields 7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al, as a clear, colorless oil.

(C) To a mixture of 30 mg. of ammonium chloride, ml. of methanol and one ml. of trimethyl orthoformate is added 500 mg. of 7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature overnight under nitrogen. The mixture is then neutralized with sodium methoxide and the methanol removed under reduced pressure. The residue is taken up in ether, washed with sodium bisulfite and then water, dried over calcium sulfate, and solvent removed under reduced pressure to yield the dimethylacetal (1,1 dimethoxy-7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctane).

By following the procedure of this example, other dirnethyl acetal precursors of formula I can be prepared using as the starting material an alcohol of the formula The alcohols of formula I" can be prepared by the reduction of a carbonyl of formula I such as the aldehydes thereof (R is hydrogen) by treatment with sodium borohydride or the like. A representative procedure for reduction of the carbonyls of formula I to the alcohols of formula II is as follows: To an ice-cooled solution of 1.0 g. of 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-l-al in 50 ml. of methanol and 3 ml. of water is added 1.0 g. of sodium borohydride. The reaction mixture is stirred and then allowed to stand 3 hours at room temperature. Acetic acid (2 ml.) is added and the mixture concentrated under reduced pressure followed by dilution with water. The diluted concentrate is extracted with ethyl acetate and the extracts combined, washed with water, dried and evaporated to yield 3,7-dimethyloct-6-en-1-ol.

EXAMPLE 43 To a mixture of 20 ml. of benzene, one ml. of ethylene glycol and 10 mg. of p-toluenesulfonic acid is added 500 mg. of 7-chloro-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al. The mixture is refluxed for 16 hours and Water is removed by means of a Dean-Stark trap. After cooling to room temperature, the mixture is poured into ether and washed with aqueous sodium bicarbonate and then water. After drying over calcium sulfate, solvent is removed under reduced pressure to yield the ethylene ketal (l,1-cycloethylenedioxy-7- chloro-3,7-dimethyloctane).

The procedure of this example can be used to prepare the other cycloethylene ketals of the carbonyls of formula I.

EXAMPLE 44 A mixture of 4 g. of citronellol (3,7-dimethyloct-6- en-l-ol), 0.490 g. of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 0.290 g. of hydroquinone is placed in a stainless steel screw cap bomb having an internal volume of 45 ml. The bomb is cooled in Dry Ice. Methyl mercaptan (9 g.) is introduced directly into the bomb through the valve head. The bomb is sealed, left overnight at room temperature and then heated to 220 in an oil bath for about 72 hours. After cooling in Dry Ice, the bomb valve is opened and the reaction mixture is carefully poured into 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. Ether is added and the organic layer is separated, washed with 5% NaOH, 5% HC1 and water, dried over calcium sulfate and concentrated with vacuo to yield 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-ol.

18 EXAMPLE 45 Twenty grams of citronellol, 2 g. of p-toluenesulfonic acid and 9 g. of methyl mercaptan are reacted as described in Example 44 except that a temperature of 140 is used instead of 220, to give 7-methylthio-3,7-dirnethyloctan- 1-ol.

EXAMPLE 46 To 2.04 g. (10 mmol.) of 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-ol in 25 ml. of freshly distilled dimethylsulfoxide, under nitrogen at 20, is added via syringe 11.2 ml. mmol.) of triethylamine While stirring vigorously. Sulfur trioxide-2 pyridine complex (10.28 g., 64 mmol.) in dimethylsulfoxide (50 ml.) is added slowly to the mixture via dropping funnel under the same conditions. After addition is complete, the reaction mixture is stirred for 5 minutes and poured into cold water. Hexane is added and the organic layer separated, washed well with water and dried over calcium sulfate. Evaporation of the solvent at reduced pressure affords 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al.

EXAMPLE 47 Sodium ethoxide (490 mg.) is added, during about ten minutes and under nitrogen, to a stirred solution of diethyl 3-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methylprop-2-enylphosphonate (1.93 g.) and 7-methylthio-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-al (1.35 g.) in 20 ml. of dimethylformamide, cooled to 0. The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for about 16 hours and then is diluted with water and extracted with ether. The ethereal extracts are washed with brine, dried over calcium sulfate and evaporated to yield ethyl 11 methylthio-3,7,l1-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate, predominantly the trans,trans isomer, which can be purified by chromatography or distillation.

EXAMPLE 48 To 5 g. of citronellol in 30 ml. of glacial acetic acid, stirring under nitrogen, is added dropwise 11.26 g. of a 30-32% solution of hydrobromic acid in acetic acid and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for about 18 hours. The reaction mixture is then diluted with water and extracted with pentane. The organic phase is washed with water until neutral, dried over magnesium sulfate and the solvent removed at reduced pressure to give 1- acetoxy-7-bromo-3,7-dimethyloctane.

EXAMPLE 49 Three grams of 1-acetoxy-7-bromo-3,7-dimethyloctane and 20 ml. of aqueous ethanol is stirred under nitrogenfor about three hours. Thiourea (760 mg.) is added and the reaction mixture is refluxed under nitrogen for one hour. Then 500 mg. of sodium hydroxide in 18 ml. of water is added to the mixture and reflux is continued for 12 more hours. After cooling, the reaction mixture is poured into water and extracted with pentane. The organic extracts are washed with water and brine, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under vacuum to yield 7-mercapto-3,7-dimethyloctan-l-ol, which can be purified by chromatography.

What is claimed is: 1. A compound selected from those of the formula:

R3 R14 R2 CH 0 R4 ('311 (CH (i ('3- i 2)nCHg- HCHgCH .CH- OH- -on,

wherein: n is zero or the positive integer one; R is hydrogen or lower alkyl; each of R R and R is methyl or ethyl; R is hydrogen or methyl; and R is hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkenyl or lower alkynyl, and the acid halides thereof.

2. A compound according to Claim 1 wherein R is hydrogen or lower alkyl.

3. A compound according to Claim 2 wherein R is hydrogen; each of R and R is methyl; and R is lower alkyl.

4. A compound according to Claim 3 wherein n is one; R is hydrogen; R is methyl; and R is lower alkyl of one to four carbon atoms.

5. A compound according to Claim 4 wherein R is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.

6. The trans-2,-trans-4 isomer of ethyl ll-mercapto- 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate, according to Claim 5.

7. A compound according to Claim 2 wherein R is lower alkyl of one to four carbon atoms.

8. A compound according to Claim 7 wherein each of R and R is methyl and R is hydrogen.

9. A compound according to Claim 8 wherein R is hydrogen; R is methyl; R is methyl or ethyl; and n is one.

10. The compound, ll-methylthio-3,7,1l-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoic acid, according to Claim 9.

11. A compound according to Claim 1 wherein R is lower alkyl of one to four carbon atoms; R and R is methyl; and R is lower alkyl of one to four carbon atoms.

12. A compound according to Claim 11 wherein R is methyl or ethyl.

13. A compound according to Claim 12 wherein n is one.

14. A compound according to Claim 1 wherein R is methyl or ethyl; each of R and R is methyl; R is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl or t-butyl; R is hydrogen; and n is one.

15. A compound according to Claim 14 wherein R is methyl and R is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl.

16. A compound according to Claim 15 wherein R is methyl.

17. The compound, ethyl 1l-methylthio-3,'7,11-trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate, acording to Claim 16.

18. The trans-2,1;rans-4 isomer of the compound of Claim 17.

19. The compound, isopropyl l1 methylthio 3,7,11- trimethyldodeca-2,4-dienoate, according to Claim 16.

20. The trans-2,trans-4 isomer of the compound of Claim 19.

21. The compound, methyl 11-methylthio-3,7,ll-trimethyldodec-a-2,4-dienoate, according to Claim 16.

22. A compound according to Claim 1 of the following formula:

X is bromo or chloro; R is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; n is zero or one; each of R R and R is methyl or ethyl; and R is hydrogen or methyl.

23. A compound according to Claim 22 wherein R is methyl or ethyl and each of R and R is methyl.

24. A compound according to Claim 23 wherein X is chloro; n is one; and R is hydrogen.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,737,442 6/1973 Baum 260-399 ELBERT L. ROBERTS, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 

